Advanced Placement US History (AP US History) Practice Exam

How did New England's society change over time?

1. It transitioned from a commercial to a religious society

2. It remained highly agricultural throughout

3. It changed from a highly religious society to a more commercial society

4. It was consistently focused on manufacturing only

The correct answer is: It changed from a highly religious society to a more commercial society

New England's society underwent significant transformation from its early settlement days to the 19th century. Initially, the region was established by Puritan settlers who brought with them a deep commitment to religious ideals and community cohesion. This foundation created a society that prioritized religious values, strict moral codes, and an emphasis on communal practices. However, as time progressed, various factors contributed to a shift toward a more commercial society. The region developed a diverse economy that included trade, shipbuilding, and eventually manufacturing. The emergence of cities and the growth of commerce began to shape the social dynamics, leading to a greater emphasis on economic pursuits rather than solely religious ones. The market revolution and the Industrial Revolution further accelerated this transition, as opportunities for trade and business expanded. Consequently, New England saw a gradual decline in the dominant role of organized religion in daily life and an increase in secularism, reflected in the growing acceptance of diverse beliefs and lifestyles. This shift is evident in the changing cultural landscape, including the emergence of reform movements, educational institutions, and a more varied social structure that prioritized economic opportunity over strict adherence to religious doctrine. This evolution from a highly religious society focused on community values to one that embraced commercialism and economic individualism is a hallmark of American