Advanced Placement US History (AP US History) Practice Exam

What legislation was enacted to limit the number of Chinese immigrants to the United States?

1. Chinese Exclusion Act

2. Immigration Act

3. Asian Discrimination Act

4. Naturalization Act

The correct answer is: Chinese Exclusion Act

The Chinese Exclusion Act was a significant piece of legislation enacted in 1882 that specifically aimed to limit and regulate Chinese immigration to the United States. This act arose from a combination of economic concerns, racial prejudices, and social tensions that had developed in American society during the late 19th century, particularly in the western states where Chinese laborers had become prominent during the construction of railroads and in mining industries. The act not only prohibited Chinese laborers from entering the United States but also prevented those already in the country from becoming American citizens. This legislation marked the first time the U.S. government implemented a broad exclusionary immigration policy based on nationality and race, setting a precedent for future restrictive immigration laws. In contrast, other options like the Immigration Act and the Naturalization Act addressed broader immigration policies, but they did not specifically target Chinese immigrants. The Asian Discrimination Act is not a historically recognized piece of legislation in U.S. history. Thus, the Chinese Exclusion Act accurately captures the intent and specificity regarding the limitation of Chinese immigration.