Advanced Placement US History (AP US History) Practice Exam

What was the primary conflict of the French and Indian War?

1. France vs. Spain

2. France vs. Great Britain

3. Great Britain vs. the Native Americans

4. Spain vs. the United States

The correct answer is: France vs. Great Britain

The primary conflict of the French and Indian War revolved around the struggle between France and Great Britain for control of North America, particularly for dominance over lucrative territories and trade routes. This war, which lasted from 1754 to 1763, was essentially a part of the larger global conflict known as the Seven Years' War. The rivalry between these two European powers was fueled by their competing colonial interests, particularly in the Ohio River Valley and the Great Lakes region, where both sought to expand their influence and resources. The involvement of Native American tribes on both sides added complexity to the conflict. Many Native Americans allied with the French, viewing them as less of a threat to their lands compared to the encroaching British settlers. These alliances were significant, but the conflict fundamentally centered on the direct rivalry between France and Great Britain. Ultimately, the war ended with Great Britain emerging victorious, significantly expanding its territorial claims in North America, while France's influence was greatly diminished. This shift also laid the groundwork for future colonial tensions that would contribute to the American Revolution.