Advanced Placement US History (AP US History) Practice Exam

Which principle was established by the acquittal of John Peter Zenger?

1. The right to a fair trial

2. The importance of freedom of speech

3. The authority of the governor's office

4. The legality of British control over the colonies

The correct answer is: The importance of freedom of speech

The acquittal of John Peter Zenger in 1735 established a significant principle regarding freedom of the press and, by extension, freedom of speech. Zenger, who was charged with seditious libel for publishing criticism of the colonial governor, argued that truthful statements should not be punishable by law. His defense emphasized the role of the press in providing checks on government actions and the importance of allowing dissenting voices to be heard in a democratic society. The jury's decision to acquit Zenger set a precedent that contributed to the evolving understanding of freedom of expression in America, especially concerning public officials. This case is often cited as a foundation for later protections of free speech and press rights, influencing the First Amendment later on. Consequently, this outcome underscored the idea that criticism of authority should be protected, thereby reinforcing the broader principle of freedom of speech.