Advanced Placement US History (AP US History) Practice Exam

Who is known for significant reforms in public education during the 19th century?

1. John Dewey

2. Horace Mann

3. Thomas Jefferson

4. Jane Addams

The correct answer is: Horace Mann

Horace Mann is recognized as a key figure in the reform of public education during the 19th century. He served as the first secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Education and was a strong advocate for the establishment of common schools that provided free, publicly funded education for all children. Mann believed that education was essential for a democratic society and worked tirelessly to promote the idea that education should be accessible to every child, regardless of their socioeconomic status. His efforts included improving teacher training, promoting longer school years, and advocating for a standardized curriculum. Mann's influence laid the groundwork for the modern public education system in the United States. Other historical figures mentioned had contributions in various fields but did not focus predominantly on public education reform in the same way Mann did. John Dewey, while significant in education philosophy, came after Mann and advocated for progressive education in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Thomas Jefferson valued education and promoted the establishment of a public education system, but his direct involvement and reforms were not as extensive as Mann's. Jane Addams is known for her work in social reform and the establishment of settlement houses, addressing social issues rather than education reform specifically.